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- Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP)
- The ACHP is an independent
Federal agency that provides a forum for influencing Federal
activities, programs, and policies as they affect historic
resources. The ACHP was founded via the
National
Historic Preservation Act in 1966.
- Cultural
Resources
- Objects, locations, or other
artifacts, such as buildings, landscapes, archeological sites,
ethnographic resources, objects and documents, structures and
districts, which represent a unique part of our cultural
heritage and history.
- Federal
Preservation Officer (FPO)
- The
National
Historic Preservation Act charges the FPOs with coordinating
agency preservation programs, including interactions with other
agencies, States, Indian tribes, and others. It is up to each
agency to designate the FPO and establish the FPO's specific
responsibilities. Agencies with regional or field offices often
designate regional or field FPOs as well. It is the
responsibility of each agency to maintain qualified preservation
staff and have the management systems needed to carry out its
historic preservation program.
- National
Historic Preservation Act
- First passed by Congress in
1966, the Act is designed to charge the Federal government
with a leading role in the preservation of historic and
cultural heritage, and to "foster conditions under which
our modern society and our prehistoric and historic resources
can exist in productive harmony." Ultimately, it seeks to
transform the government from an agent of careless
indifference, even destruction, to an active steward in the
quest to preserve and protect our history
- National
Register of Historic Places
- The Nation's official list of
cultural resources worthy of preservation. Authorized under
the
National
Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Register is
part of a national program to coordinate and support public and
private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect our historic
and archeological resources. Properties listed in the Register
include districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects
that are significant in American history, architecture,
archeology, engineering, and culture. The National Register is
administered by the National Park Service, which is part of the
U.S. Department of the Interior. Nominations to the Register are
usually made through State
Historic Preservation Officers.
- Section
106 (of the NHPA)
- Section of the
National
Historic Preservation Act which charges every federal agency
with the responsibility of identifying and assessing the effects
of its actions on historic resources, and, if possible, to
factor in the importance of these resources before enacting any
changes to them.
- Section
110 (of the NHPA)
- As amended in 1992, Section 110
of the
Act
outlines a broad range of responsibilities for Federal agencies.
Section 110 calls for among other things Federal agencies to
establish preservation programs, commensurate with their mission
and the effects of their activities on historic properties, that
provide broadly for careful consideration of historic properties
and the designation of qualified Federal
Preservation Officers to coordinate their historic
preservation activities.
- State
Historic Preservation Officers (SHPO)
- SHPOs administer the national
historic preservation program at the State level, review
National
Register of Historic Places nominations, maintain data on
historic properties that have been identified but not yet
nominated, and consult with Federal agencies during Section
106 review. SHPOs are designated by the governor of their
respective State or territory
- Tribal
Historic Preservation Officer (THPO)
- 1992 amendments to the
National
Historic Preservation Act (P.L. 102 - 575) allow federally
recognized Indian tribes to take on more formal responsibility
for the preservation of significant historic properties on
tribal lands. Specifically, Section 101(d)(2) allows tribes to
assume any or all of the functions of a State
Historic Preservation Officer with respect to tribal land.
The decision to participate or not participate in the program
rests with the tribe.
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